Reportedly, the Black-Hawks of Belize feed primarily on large land crabs. Sometimes the Black-Hawk supplements its diet with a variety of insects including grasshoppers and caterpillars. The Black-Hawk primarily feeds on snakes, frogs, fishes, young birds, and land crabs. Loud and hoarse whistles, sounding like those of the Night-Heron are common during nesting season. The pair often fly together, with their wings fluttering and held at a strong dihedral angle. No detailed information is available on pair bonding, territoriality, or most other aspects of this species' social behavior. Status: wild 13.5 years Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate).Fledging period is between 43 to 50 days, and post-fledging dependence of the juvenile on the adult lasts 6 to 8 weeks. The eggs measure about 57x45 mm (2.5 X 1.5 inches). The eggs have a granular surface,and the color of the eggs are grayish white with small specks and blotches. The clutch size is relatively small in this species, ranging from 1 to 3 eggs. Occasionally nests have been found in rocky recesses. The nests of this species are usually built within 120 meters (480ft) of permanent flowing waters and is typically constructed 15 to 30 meters (60 to 120ft) above the ground. Up to four copulations per day occur as the egg laying period approaches. The male may sweep down and land directly on the female, or he may perch beside her for a time before mounting.
Copulation occurs about 15 to 90 meters from the nest on a branch or rock. The Black-Hawk breeding season runs from late February to late May. (Clark and Wheeler 1987 National Geographic 1990 Johnsgard 1990 ) The immature Black-Hawk's iris color is medium brown. Coloration of the head and face includes a buffy line over the eye, a dark eye-line, a buffy cheek, and a dark vertical stripe running down the face. In contrast to the adults, the immature Black-Hawk is dark brown with buffy streaking.
#HAWK WINGSPAN SKIN#
The cere (the fleshy covering at the top of the beak), legs and facial skin are a bright orangish yellow. The black tail has one wide white band and a thin white terminal band. The under wing is black with the exception of a small white mark at the base of the outer two or three primaries. The head, body, and wing coverts are coal black. The Common Black-Hawk averages 53 centimeters in length (21 inches) and has a wingspan of 127 centimeters (50 inches).Like most other raptor species, Common Black-Hawks are sexually dimorphic, with the females being larger than the males.īoth sexes exhibit the same coloration. ( Johnsgard 1990 Ridgely 1989 National Geographic 1999) In South and Central America the absence or presence of crabs may determine local presence of the species. They will range into the interior by following the course of a large river. In Panama the birds are mainly found in coastal areas. There are usually trees nearby for roosting and nesting.
Generally these birds inhabit lowland areas, with a source of water nearby where crabs, crayfish, or other aquatic foods are found. They also can be found in Cuba and The Isle of Pines.( Snyder 1991 Clark and Wheeler 1987 Johnsgard 1990) The Common Black-Hawk, Buteogallus anthracinus, is found in the Southwestern United States, through Mexico, Central America, and Northern South America to Guyana.
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